16 | Torque sensor - Torque sensor voltage is too high

Description The detected torque sensor output voltage is too high. When the system detects that the torque voltage exceeds 4V for more than 500ms, it indicates that the connection between the sensor and the controller may be broken or damaged. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following is a possible cause of error code 16: Defective torque sensor 1 E-bi...

17 | Torque sensor - Torque sensor voltage is too low

Description The detected torque sensor output voltage is too low, indicating a potential issue with the connection between the sensor and the controller, such as damage or disconnection. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 17: Damage or disconnection in the torque sensor cable Damage or disconnection in the contr...

32 | Motor - All motor hall sensor voltage are too high

Description The detected torque sensor output voltage is too low, indicating a potential issue with the connection between the sensor and the controller, such as damage or disconnection. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 32 Damaged or broken motor cable Damaged or broken controller cable The pins on the motor a...

33 | Motor - All motor sensor voltages are too low

Description The system has detected an issue with the motor's sensors, as all signals are reading too low. This could lead to the motor not working properly and may affect the bike's overall performance. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 33: Damaged or broken motor cable Damaged or broken controller cable The p...

66 | Battery - Battery is low

Description When the battery is nearly empty and the system detects low capacity for more than 10 seconds, it will trigger error code 66. If you continue using the bike in this state, it may stop working properly, such as losing riding assistance. It’s strongly recommended to find a charging station and recharge the battery as soon as possible to en...

67 | Battery - Battery is empty

Description When the battery charge is empty and the system detects empty capacity for more than 10 seconds, it will report error code 67. Under this circumstance, your bike is unable to operate. It is strongly advised to promptly locate a charging facility and recharge the battery immediately to ensure the continued normal operation of the bike. Le...

113 | Maintenance - Maintenance notification

Description Error code 113 serves as an e-bike maintenance reminder. Whenever this code appears, please connect the e-bike to the Service Tool and ensure that no other error codes are present. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 113: The e-bike's ODO has reached the preset maintenance mileage. ⚠️Caution Please en...

40 | Motor - Motor overheat

Description During normal motor operation, temperature naturally rises. However, if it becomes excessively high due to prolonged heavy load or motor/controller issues, motor efficiency decreases. Once the protection mechanism is triggered, the system will shut down the controller and motor to prevent safety or usability concerns. ⚠️Triggers of Error...

48 | Speed sensor - Speed sensor error

Description The speed sensor monitors the bike wheel's rotation to calculate speed. It typically consists of a magnet and a sensor. If the signal from the speed sensor is missing, it may be due to sensor damage or signal issues. This can prevent the bike from accurately detecting speed, limiting the assistance to level 1. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code Th...

49 | Cadence sensor - Cadence sensor error

Description Cadence sensors measure how fast a cyclist pedals. Their key function is to monitor pedaling speed. If abnormalities occur, such as inaccurate calculations, the pedal assist will temporarily pause to prevent safety and usability concerns. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 49: Defective cadence senso...

50 | Chain - Drivetrain error

Description An abnormal drivetrain detected value has been identified, possibly indicating that the chain has come off the sprockets. This can lead to improper power transfer and increased wear on drivetrain components. Immediate inspection or realignment of the chain is necessary to prevent further damage and ensure smooth operation. ⚠️Triggers of ...

65 | Battery - Battery undervoltage

Description The battery voltage drops below the normal level, leading to reduced performance and potentially triggering safety mechanisms that may shut down the system. Immediate charging or battery replacement is necessary to restore proper functionality and prevent further complications. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes o...

68 | Battery - Charging temperature error

Description Monitoring the battery temperature during charging is crucial to ensuring optimal performance and safety. When the temperature exceeds or falls below the normal range, it can lead to issues that affect both the battery's health and safety. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 68: Abnormal battery tempe...

69 | Battery - Battery cell overvoltage

Description The detected battery cell voltage exceeds the normal level, which can potentially lead to permanent damage to the battery. This overvoltage condition may impact both the safety and usability of the battery, requiring immediate action to prevent further risks. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 69: De...

70 | Battery - Battery cell undervoltage

Description The detected battery cell voltage falls below the normal level, which will affect the performance of the battery and may prevent the e-bike from operating normally. Immediate action is needed to restore proper functionality and avoid further issues. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 70: Battery cell...

71 | Battery - Battery overcharge

Description Overcharging the battery can result in permanent damage and negatively affect the operation of the e-bike. If this occurs, please stop using the battery immediately. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 71: Using a faulty charger Malfunctioning BMS (Battery Management System) Charging with a non-origin...

72 | Battery - Battery short circuit

Description A battery short circuit can result in permanent damage and negatively affect the operation of the e-bike. If this occurs, please stop using the battery immediately. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 72: Battery cable wiring damaged 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike inspec...

73 | Battery - Battery overdischarge

Description Overdischarging the battery can result in permanent damage and negatively affect the operation of the e-bike. If this occurs, please stop using the battery immediately. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 73: Malfunctioning BMS (Battery Management System) 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding ...

74 | Battery - Discharging temperature error

Description During discharging, the battery operates within a normal temperature range. If the temperature exceeds this range, it can cause abnormalities in the discharging processes. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 74: Battery overheating during discharge. High ambient temperature. The long uphill ride with ...

75 | Battery - Battery cell voltage error

Description As the battery ages or encounters abnormalities, the cells gradually deteriorate. If the system detects imbalanced battery cell voltages, it will affect the battery's functionality. We suggest stopping use the battery for now. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 75: Malfunctioning BMS (Battery Managem...

80 | Controller - Controller overheat

Description If the controller temperature becomes too high, it may lead to reduced efficiency or functional anomalies. Therefore, when the controller temperature is ≥ 100°C for 1.99 seconds continuously, this error will occur, and power assistance output will stop. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 80: The cont...

81 | Controller - Battery communication error

Description System communication with the battery is interrupted. The connection between the battery and the controller may be damaged. The communication between various components ensures that the e-bike functions properly. When the system detects a communication interruption between the battery and the HMI lasting for more than 5 seconds, this err...

82 | Controller - Locked rotor (pedal assist)

Description The system detects that the motor in pedal assist mode is not functioning properly. When the motor's output exceeds safe operational limits, the system will stop functioning and trigger an error code. This condition suggests that the motor is unable to rotate effectively, activating the system’s protection mechanism. ⚠️Triggers of Error ...

83 | Controller - Locked rotor (walk assist)

Description The system detects that the motor in walk assist mode is not functioning properly. When the motor's output exceeds safe operational limits, the system will stop functioning and trigger an error code. This condition suggests that the motor is unable to rotate effectively, activating the system’s protection mechanism. ⚠️Triggers of Error C...

84 | Controller - Controller communication error

Description System communication with the controller is interrupted due to a potential connection issue between components. This disruption can lead to erratic behavior or malfunctions in the bike's performance, as the controller relies on accurate data transmission to regulate functions such as power assistance levels and motor control. Promptly ad...

91 | Controller - Controller FET circuit error

Description The system has detected a fault in the controller's FET detection circuit.The drive component in the controller may be open-circuited or malfunctioning. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 91: Controller is malfunctioning 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike inspection, ensure...

92 | Controller - Controller FET overcurrent (Firmware)

Description The output power of the controller has exceeded the firmware protection level. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 92: Excessive power output from the controller 1 E-bike remains stationary and turn off the e-bike Before proceeding with the e-bike inspection, ensure the bike is stationary, and do not ...

93 | Controller - Controller FET overcurrent (Hardware)

Description The output power of the controller has exceeded the hardware protection level or the controller has short-circuited. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 92: Defective controller Defective motor 1 Reboot the e-bike Reboot the e-bike. Take the bike to a flat road and engage the walk-assist function to e...

94 | Controller - Controller protection unit error

Description An abnormality in the controller protection unit (watchdog) has been detected, indicating a potential issue with the system's monitoring mechanism. The error may lead to unexpected behavior or system failure. Immediate investigation and troubleshooting are required to ensure operational stability and safety. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The ...

95 | Controller - Locked rotor (Throttle)

Description The system has detected that the motor is not functioning properly in throttle mode. When the motor's output exceeds safe operational limits, the system will stop functioning and trigger an error code. This condition suggests that the motor is unable to rotate effectively as a result of an issue with throttle control, activating the syst...

96 | Throttle - Throttle overvoltage

Description The system has detected that the throttle voltage exceeds the normal level. This overvoltage condition can cause the throttle to malfunction, preventing it from operating properly and affecting the overall system performance. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 96: Defective controller Defective throt...

97 | Throttle - Throttle undervoltage

Description The system has detected that the throttle voltage falls below the normal level. This undervoltage condition can cause the throttle to malfunction, resulting in improper operation and potentially affecting the overall system performance. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 97: Abnormal throttle voltage...

98 | HMI - Button is blocked or unresponsive

Description The button unit signal is missing, indicating that the HMI button may be damaged or the connection may be broken. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 98: Defective HMI Defective Controller Damaged extension cable 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike inspection, ensure the bike...

100 | HMI - Display panel malfunction

Description A malfunction in the display panel has been detected, indicating that the HMI display panel may be damaged or the connection may be broken. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 100: Defective HMI Defective Controller Damaged extension cable 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike ...

101 | HMI - USB charge port error

Description Under normal circumstances, the USB port supports the connection of a wired dongle for diagnostics and data transmission, as well as charging mobile devices. However, if the system detects that the output current exceeds 1A, it indicates a potential abnormality. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 101...

112 | Front Light - Front light malfunction

Description A malfunction in the front light has been detected, indicating that the light may be damaged or the connection may be broken. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 112: The front light is malfunctioning 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike inspection, ensure the bike is stationa...

116 | Rear Light - Rear light malfunction

Description A malfunction in the rear light has been detected, indicating that the light may be damaged or the connection may be broken. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 116: The rear light is malfunction 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike inspection, ensure the bike is stationary, a...

117 | Light - Light short circuit

Description This error occurs when the system detects a short circuit in the circuit of either the front or rear light. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 117: The lighting system has a short circuit 1 E-bike remains stationary Before proceeding with the e-bike inspection, ensure the bike is stationary, and do n...

129 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Communication Failure

Description Dual battery mode has been activated, but the extender battery's communication with the system is interrupted, possibly due to a connection issue. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 129: Dual battery communication failure ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swap...

132 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Switching Timeout

Description The exchange of charging or discharging between two batteries has timed out. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 132: Dual battery switching time out ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the current Extender Battery with another functioning bike or replac...

133 | Dual Battery - Main Battery Communication Failure

Description The communication from the extender battery to the main battery has interrupted. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 133: The extender battery communication system is malfunctioning ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the current Extender Battery with an...

134 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Connected (Main Battery Detected)

Description The extender battery has detected the establishment of dual battery mode, charging or discharging will be temporarily halted for safety. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 134: While powered on the e-bike, the extender battery detects that the main battery has been connected. ⚠️ Caution Prior to proc...

135 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Disconnected (Main Battery Detached)

Description The extender battery has detected the disconnection of dual battery mode, charging or discharging will be temporarily halted for safety. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 135: The main battery was detached ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the curren...

136 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Discharge Failure

Description No battery is capable of discharging in dual battery mode ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 136: Both batteries failed to discharge properly (discharge abnormality) ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the current Extender Battery with another functioni...

137 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Charge Failure

Description No battery is capable of discharging in dual battery mode ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 137: Both batteries failed to discharge properly (discharge abnormality) ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the current Extender Battery with another functioni...

138 | Dual Battery - Main Battery Physical Signal Failure

Description The physical detection signal from the extender battery to the main battery has been interrupted, indicating potential hardware malfunction. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 138: Main battery signal abnormality ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the ...

142 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Connected (Extender Detected)

Description The extender battery has detected the establishment of dual battery mode, charging or discharging will be temporarily halted for safety. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 142: While powered on the e-bike, the main battery detects that the extender battery has been connected. ⚠️ Caution Prior to proc...

143 | Dual Battery - Dual Battery Disconnected (Extender Detached)

Description The extender battery has detected the disconnection of dual battery mode, charging or discharging will be temporarily halted for safety. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 143: Dual Battery has been detached ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping the curre...

144 | Dual Battery - Extender Battery Physical Signal Failure

Description The physical detection signal from the main battery to the extender battery has been interrupted, indicating potential hardware malfunction. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 144: Extender battery signal abnormality ⚠️ Caution Prior to proceeding with the troubleshooting steps below, AVOID swapping ...

160 | Thermal Control Mode (Controller)

Description High heating of the controller has been detected. The system is enabling power control to prevent overheating. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 160: Controller overheating 1 Move the bike to a Well-ventilated Area Long press the power button to turn off the e-bike.Move the e-bike to a well-ventilat...

159 | Thermal Control Mode (Motor/Battery)

Description High heating of the controller has been detected. The system is enabling power control to prevent overheating. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 159: The motor or battery temperature is approaching an overheating state. 1 Move the bike to a Well-ventilated Area Long press the power button to turn of...

161 | Charging Temperature Error

Description Battery temperature during charging falls below the normal range. ⚠️Triggers of Error Code The following are possible causes of error code 161: Battery temperature is too low during charging. 1 Stop Charging Immediately and Move the bike to a Well-ventilated Area Stop charging immediately and turn off the e-bike.Move the e-bike to a well...